Marine Corps Knowledge Practice

The maximum effective range of the M16A2 on an area target is indeed 800 meters. This range is determined by the caliber of the rifle and the ballistic characteristics of the 5.56x45mm NATO cartridge it fires, as well as the rifle's design, which allows for effective engagement of targets within this distance while considering various factors such as marksmanship, environmental conditions, and target size.

For area targets, which include groups of personnel or vehicles rather than pinpoint targets, the 800-meter range represents a practical limit for effective engagement under standard combat conditions. Beyond this range, while the rifle can still be fired, the probability of hitting an area target significantly decreases, and the shooter would not be able to maintain effective fire control and accuracy.

Other distances presented, such as 600 meters, 1000 meters, and 1200 meters, exceed the effective performance characteristic for engaging area targets with the M16A2, given that it is designed primarily for infantry use and achieves optimal effectiveness at the prescribed range.